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Showing posts with the label Energy Investing

Indemnity Clauses Decide Who Pays For The Worst Day

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A master service agreement landed on a field superintendent's desk on a Friday afternoon, thirty one pages long, due back signed by Monday so a crew could start on schedule. He read the day rate on page two and initialed the rest the way most people sign an insurance renewal or a lease. Buried on page nineteen was the indemnity language, and it decided, long before anyone imagined a bad day, exactly who would pay for one. I am Rosser Newton, and in more than 35 years investing in oil, gas, and oilfield service companies I have read that same page nineteen more times than I can count, usually after something has already gone wrong rather than before. The price on page two gets negotiated hard. Two calls, sometimes three, over a day rate that might move five percent either way. The indemnity and insurance sections almost never get the same attention, and they are the sections that decide who actually bears the cost of a blowout, a fire, a serious injury, or a piece of equipment...

Service Pricing Should Come From Your Own Cost Sheet

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A bid meeting I sat in last year settled a price in about four minutes. Somebody had heard what a competitor quoted two counties over, and the room built its own number ten percent under that rumor before anyone opened the company's own cost file. Three people in that room could have stated the fully loaded cost of the crew being priced, and none of them were asked. I am Rosser Newton, and in more than 35 years investing in oil, gas, and oilfield service companies I have watched that exact meeting happen more times than I can count. A number built off a rumor about a competitor is not a price. It is a guess wearing a price's clothes, and it survives right up until the quarter it does not. What A Cost Sheet Actually Prices A cost sheet, done properly, states what one hour of a crew, one truck, and the equipment behind it actually costs to put in the field. Fuel, labor burden, maintenance reserve, insurance, and the overhead that has to land somewhere. Until that number e...

Field Manager Pay Works Better In Cash Than Options

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A yard supervisor handed me an option grant letter on a Tuesday morning and asked me what it was worth. He had four pages of vesting schedule, a strike price, and a written offer from a company forty miles down the road that paid $15,000 more in cash. I read the letter twice and could not give him a number. He was not being difficult. He was asking the only question about pay that a man in his position can afford to ask, which is what the package is worth to him this year, and I did not have an answer he could use. My name is Rosser Newton, I have spent more than 35 years investing in privately held energy companies and sitting at their board tables, and I have watched that letter lose that conversation more times than I care to count. Why Equity Does Not Work Below The Executive Line An option in a private company is a claim on an event nobody can schedule. There is no market for it, no quoted price, and no way for the holder to sell a slice of the grant to cover a truck payme...

Five Directors Is Enough For A Private Company Board

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The packet was still in shrink wrap in front of three directors when the meeting opened. One of them worked a thumb under the plastic while the chief executive was already on his second slide. I am Rosser Newton, and across more than 35 years in energy banking, private equity, and company leadership I have sat at board tables of nearly every size. That morning the table held nine seats. Two of them did the work, a third asked one good question near the end, and the remaining six were present in the way furniture is present. Nobody in that room was lazy. Every one of them had run something. The table was simply built in a way that let most of them do nothing, and a table built that way will get exactly that result from good people, month after month, for years. How Many Directors A Private Company Board Needs My answer for a private company is five. Five is enough to carry the committee work, enough to survive a resignation without a scramble, and small enough that every perso...

Board Reports Should Be Built Backward From Decisions

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The package for a monthly board meeting landed on the table at sixty one pages. I watched a director work through it during the first item, turning pages with the patience of a man looking for one number he already knew was in there somewhere. He found the cash balance on page thirty eight, inside a schedule that had been built for a bank. Nobody in that room had chosen a sixty one page package. It had grown there, one addition at a time, over four or five years. I am Rosser Newton, and across a career of more than 35 years in energy banking, private equity, and company leadership I have never once seen a private company reporting package that somebody sat down and designed. They accumulate. A lender asks for a schedule and it stays. A director asks a question in March and the answer becomes a permanent page in every package that follows. Why a board package grows and never shrinks Every page in a reporting package was added by someone who had a reason. That is exactly why th...

Plugging Liabilities Are Debt That Skips The Balance Sheet

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The model came over on a Friday afternoon. Twenty pages on a package of shallow wells that had been producing since before I finished law school, every assumption argued over twice, except one. The plugging obligation sat in a single line near the bottom of the last page, a round number somebody had dropped in so the page would foot. A round number in a model is a note to yourself that the work is still undone. I am Rosser Newton, and after more than 35 years around energy transactions I read the last page first. The reserve tables tell me what a seller believes about the future, and the abandonment line tells me how hard he has thought about the end of it. This matters to an owner long before he ever thinks about selling. The plugging bill is the one number a lender, a buyer, and a regulator will all eventually price, and the owner is the only one of the four who gets to price it early, while he still has time to do something about it. Why Plugging Obligations Behave Like Senior Debt ...

A Minimum Cash Balance Deserves Covenant Treatment

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A treasurer at a private energy company I have worked with used to spend the last day of every month moving small amounts of cash between accounts to keep every one of them barely positive. Nothing was wrong with the business that month. The habit was just older than anyone in the room, and nobody had ever written down the number it was actually protecting. Rosser Newton is my name, and I have sat across the table from a version of that treasurer more times than I can count, in companies that were otherwise well run and carefully managed in every other respect. A bank covenant exists because a lender wrote a number into a document and attached real consequences to crossing it. A minimum cash balance an owner keeps only in his head has none of that architecture. It moves whenever the owner feels good about the quarter. It shrinks the first time somebody needs the money for something that feels urgent enough, and it disappears entirely the moment the person who set it leaves the comp...

Deferred Maintenance Is A Loan No Covenant Tracks

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The yard walk I remember best was in West Texas in August, and it started at the wash bay and ended at a row of pumps that had not stopped running in months. The brass tags on two of them carried rebuild dates more than two years past due, and the yard manager said what yard managers always say, that they were running fine. I am Rosser Newton. I live in Dallas. More than 35 years of my working life have gone to privately held energy businesses, in banking, in investing, and in boardrooms. In all that time I have never once seen a line item called deferred maintenance in a monthly financial package, and I have watched it decide the fate of more than one company. Every deferral is a borrowing. When a rebuild gets pushed a quarter, the company has taken a loan from its own equipment, with principal equal to the work skipped and interest paid in rising failure risk and shortened useful life. No lender papers it, no covenant tests it, and no financial statement discloses it. Why deferre...